Buy Hastelloy C-22 Plate, Sheet, Pipe & Tube

Understanding the Hastelloy family

Hastelloy® is the trade name for a family of corrosion‑resistant nickel‑based superalloys developed by Haynes International. These alloys are built around nickel and are typically alloyed with chromium and molybdenum. Because of this composition, Hastelloys exhibit strong resistance to corrosion while maintaining good fabricability and medium‑to‑high temperature stability. The family originated in the early 1920s when a nickel–molybdenum composition was patented; the C‑type alloys were introduced in 1926 and continue to be refined today. Each specific grade – such as Hastelloy C‑22, C‑276 or B‑3 – represents a unique blend tailored for particular environments.

For metal producers and buyers, the composition of a Hastelloy grade is described by the Unified Numbering System (UNS). This North‑American designation system identifies an alloy by a letter and five numbers, defining the alloy’s chemical composition. A UNS number alone does not specify properties, heat treatment or product form; those details are controlled by separate material specifications.

What is Hastelloy C‑22?

Chemical identity

Hastelloy C‑22 – also marketed under Alloy C‑22, Hastelloy C 22, HC22 and UNS N06022 – is a nickel‑chromium‑molybdenum‑tungsten alloy designed for environments where both oxidizing and reducing conditions occur. In Europe this material is designated DIN/EN 2.4602 (EN symbol NiCr21Mo14W). Its nominal composition is dominated by nickel (balance) with approximately 20–22.5 % chromium, 12.5–14.5 % molybdenum, 2.5–3.5 % tungsten, 2–6 % iron and small amounts of cobalt, manganese, silicon, vanadium, phosphorus and sulfur. The high chromium level enhances resistance to oxidizing media such as nitric acid and ferric chlorides, while molybdenum and tungsten improve resistance to reducing conditions. Table 1 summarises the key chemical ranges.

Table 1 – Typical chemical composition of Hastelloy C‑22 (weight %)

Physical and mechanical properties

Hastelloy C‑22 has a density of ~8.69 g/cm³ and a melting range around 1399–1446 °C. Its specific heat (427 J/kg·K), thermal conductivity (~10 W/m·K) and low thermal expansion coefficient contribute to dimensional stability across a wide temperature range. The alloy offers high strength; typical room‑temperature tensile strengths are 690–790 MPa with yield strengths around 310–450 MPa. Elongation at break (45–60 %) underscores its ductility, and hardness values of 89–100 HRB support moderate wear resistance. These properties allow the material to be formed or cold‑worked; however, it work‑hardens rapidly, so intermediate annealing may be required.

Corrosion resistance

The combination of high chromium, molybdenum and tungsten gives Hastelloy C‑22 exceptional resistance to both oxidizing and reducing environments. Haynes International notes that C‑22’s high chromium content provides much higher resistance to oxidizing media than the family standard C‑276 and imparts exceptional protection against chloride‑induced pitting. High molybdenum and tungsten levels help protect against reducing acids such as hydrochloric acid and ferric chloride solutions. Consequently, this alloy resists pitting, crevice corrosion and stress‑corrosion cracking in a wide range of chemicals including wet chlorine, formic and acetic acids, ferric and cupric chlorides, seawater and brine.

Fabrication and standards

Hastelloy C‑22 can be cold‑worked or hot‑worked. Forging is typically performed at 1750–2050 °F (954–1120 °C) followed by rapid cooling; annealing at 2020–2150 °F (1105–1177 °C) with quenching prevents deleterious phase formation. The alloy resists grain‑boundary precipitation in the weld heat‑affected zone, permitting use in the as‑welded condition. For product forms such as plate, sheet and strip, Hastelloy C‑22 is supplied under ASTM B575 / ASME SB575, while pipes and tubes are governed by ASTM B622, B619 and B626. European customers may also reference DIN 17744 and related EN standards. BACH INDUSTRY AG supplies C‑22 in sheets, plates, bars, pipes, tubes and custom fittings in accordance with these standards.

Why UNS N06022 & DIN 2.4602 matter

The Unified Numbering System was established by ASTM and SAE to correlate various alloy designation systems and avoid confusion. Each UNS identifier defines a chemical composition but does not specify mechanical properties or product form. For nickel‑chromium‑molybdenum alloys such as Hastelloy C‑22, the UNS number N06022 corresponds to the composition shown in Table 1. In Europe, the Werkstoff number 2.4602 (EN symbol NiCr21Mo14W) identifies the same composition. When sourcing material or specifying a design, referencing UNS N06022 or DIN/EN 2.4602 ensures the correct alloy chemistry regardless of supplier or trade name.

Comparisons with other alloys

C‑22 vs. C‑276

Hastelloy C‑276 (UNS N10276 / 2.4819) is another widely used nickel‑chromium‑molybdenum alloy. Compared with C‑276, C‑22 contains more chromium and less molybdenum; the higher chromium content improves oxidation resistance, while the lower molybdenum slightly reduces cost and density. A 2025 technical article notes that C‑22 resists pitting, crevice corrosion and stress‑corrosion cracking better than C‑276. C‑276, however, has higher molybdenum and tungsten content, which provides improved performance in strongly reducing environments and high‑temperature acid service. Table 2 summarises key differences.

Table 2 – Key comparison of C‑22 and C‑276

Other nickel alloys such as Hastelloy C‑4, C‑2000 and Alloy 20 offer different balances of chromium, molybdenum and other elements for specific environments. For example, C‑4 (UNS N06455) provides high ductility and is suitable for deep drawing, while C‑2000 adds copper to improve sulfuric‑acid resistance. When selecting an alloy, consider the corrosive media, temperature, and fabrication requirements.

Applications across industries

The corrosion resistance and mechanical strength of Hastelloy C‑22 make it suitable for numerous industries:

• Chemical processing & pollution control – Reactors, heat exchangers, chlorination systems and flue‑gas desulfurization equipment benefit from C‑22’s ability to withstand mixed acids and oxidizing agents. Its resistance to chloride‑induced pitting ensures long service life in scrubbers, bleach plants and pickling systems.

• Pharmaceutical & biotechnology – The alloy’s immunity to contamination and ease of cleaning makes it ideal for tubing, piping and reaction vessels in drug production.

• Waste‑water treatment & marine – Resistance to seawater, brine and wastewater allows use in incineration scrubber systems and desalination plants. Piping systems fabricated from C‑22 maintain integrity in wet chlorine and acidic effluents.

• Energy & petrochemical – In refineries and nuclear fuel reprocessing, C‑22 endures corrosive feedstocks and high temperatures, particularly where both oxidizing and reducing conditions may occur.

Working with Hastelloy C‑22

Hastelloy C‑22 is relatively ductile and can be cold‑worked, though the alloy work‑hardens quickly. Hot working should be carried out between 954 °C and 1120 °C followed by rapid cooling to avoid detrimental phase formation. For welding, gas tungsten‑arc, gas metal‑arc and shielded metal‑arc processes are commonly used; the alloy resists the formation of grain‑boundary precipitates in the weld heat‑affected zone. Machining requires rigid, over‑powered equipment and sharp tools because nickel‑based alloys work‑harden and generate high cutting forces. Annealing at 2020–2150 °F (1105–1177 °C) with rapid quenching restores ductility after cold working and prior to further fabrication.

Commercial availability and BACH INDUSTRY AG offer

BACH INDUSTRY AG supplies Hastelloy C‑22 / UNS N06022 / 2.4602 in a wide range of product forms:

• Pipes & tubes – seamless and welded tubing to ASTM B622 and B619/B626 standards. These are ideal for process piping, condensers and heat exchangers.

• Sheet, plate & strip – rolled products manufactured under ASTM B575; available in stock thicknesses and custom cut‑to‑length options. Plates with 2B or No.1 finishes are ready for fabrication.

• Bars, fittings & forgings – round, hexagon and flat bars, along with elbows, tees, reducers and flanges produced in accordance with ASME SB564/SB366.

• Weld wire – ERNiCrMo‑10 and ENiCrMo‑10 filler metals for welding C‑22 components.

Our company serves Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, Belgium and Africa. Customers in these regions can buy or request a quote for Hastelloy C‑22 products, with competitive price and logistical support tailored to local regulations. Whether you need corrosion‑resistant tubing for a pharmaceutical plant in Zürich, heavy‑gauge plate for a refinery in Germany, or high‑performance fittings for installations in Africa, BACH INDUSTRY AG can deliver. Our sales team can advise on cost‑efficient material selection and comparative pricing between C‑22 and other grades such as C‑276 or Alloy 20, ensuring you pay only for the performance you need.

Buying guidance and technical support

When purchasing Hastelloy C‑22, consider the following:

• Specify the correct standard: use UNS N06022 (2.4602) in enquiries; reference the desired product form and standard (B575 for plate/sheet, B622 for seamless pipe, etc.). This ensures material traceability and consistent chemistry.

• Match the alloy to the environment: if your process involves strongly reducing acids at high temperature, C‑276 may offer better performance; for environments with mixed or oxidizing media, C‑22 provides superior pitting resistance.

• Ask about heat treatment condition: specify annealed condition for ease of fabrication or cold‑worked condition for higher strength. Verify that mechanical properties meet your design requirements.

• Consider total cost of ownership: while the price per kilogram of C‑22 may exceed that of stainless steel, its longer service life and reduced maintenance costs often justify the investment. BACH INDUSTRY AG offers competitive pricing in Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, Belgium and across Africa – contact us for current cost and availability.

Conclusion

Hastelloy C‑22 (UNS N06022 / DIN 2.4602) is a versatile alloy designed to withstand a broad spectrum of corrosive environments. Its high chromium content improves resistance to oxidizing agents, while molybdenum and tungsten provide strength and protection against reducing media. With good ductility, high strength and excellent weldability, C‑22 is widely used in chemical processing, pharmaceutical manufacturing, pollution control and marine applications.

BACH INDUSTRY AG proudly supplies this alloy in numerous forms, with reliable delivery and competitive price to Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, Belgium and Africa. Whether you are looking for sheets, plates, tubes or fittings, our experienced team can help you select the right material and arrange swift delivery.